What a Difference…

What a difference two weeks makes! It hasn’t been our choice to linger in northern latitudes this long, but rather the choice of our insurance underwriter.

Our old insurance carrier wanted us north of Florida until November 1st, our new carrier says November 15th. The timing here is focused on avoiding the worst of the tropical storms. This time of year two weeks really changes things. Cold fronts roar across the continent more frequently, following each other closer, and reaching further south. Our weather window for a comfortable ocean passage south gets tighter.

Toward the end of this week (or next at the latest!) we will be heading south. First making the 150 mile run south down the Chesapeake Bay to Norfolk, Virginia. Once we get there we will wait while we seriously watch the weather for an opening to run south.

The exact date of our departure is right now being driven by the delivery of two international packages that are delayed in customs clearance. New dodger canvas is on its way from Amel in France, and a new sail is coming from Siri Lanka. Bet you didn’t know that Siri Lanka is a center of sail manufacture these days.

The delay does have a bright side, we get to enjoy the glory of colors that the deciduous forests of northeastern America show every fall. If you are from some other part of the world, and have never experienced it, all I can say is: You have no idea! Hillsides lit up with yellow and red as far as you can see. All the more precious because it is so fleeting. A complex mix of rainfall, temperature, wind, and other stuff combine to make the peak of color quite unpredictable by calendar. You just have to be there.

This year had regular steady rain all summer, making a great growing season, which leads to a better than average color show.

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Changes…

Amel owners, as a group, are highly suspicious of changes to design decisions made by the builder. This is a good thing, as a rule, because almost all of the decisions made by Amel in the design and construction of their boats are excellent ones. There are areas where technology marches ahead and it is appropriate to revisit the original ideas.

In our case, it was time to revisit things in our electrical system. As we have previously reported, a lack of required spare parts pushed us into deciding to retire our old Onan. We took a step back and evaluated how we used this unit, and if there were better alternatives for us and the way we used our boat.

What we had…

Our Amel is not especially complex for a cruising boat of her size these days. We have 220VAC power outlets in each cabin, two air conditioners, clothes washer, space heaters, and a water heater. Unusually, Amel installed a parallel 120V AC system that we feed only from a 2kW inverter. Other than a few specialized items, this is mostly used for the microwave in the galley.

When away from the dock, we have been running our 6.5kW Onan for about 2 hours every other day to charge batteries, and make water for our routine use. (We have a 40 litre/hour watermaker that draws about 25 amps at 24V). Once a week or so, we’d add another hour to the cycle to run the laundry and make the extra water needed for that.

The Onan fed 220V AC to two battery chargers, one 70Amp unit in our Victron inverter/charger and a 100 Amp unit from Quick. The highest output I ever saw from these units combined was about 120 Amps in total, or about 3200 Watts, about half the capacity of the Onan. In five years of cruising on Harmonie we have run an air conditioner away from shore power exactly once. So we have never really used any more than half the output of the generator.

Our 3kW Victron inverter charger easily drives all of our routine AC needs, including startup loads for the air conditioners. We didn’t need a 6.5kW generator to keep us in the life style to which we have become accustomed.

What We Wanted

Once we realized we were looking at a unit significantly smaller than the original installation, many options were open. Our criteria looked like this:

  • Minimize fuel use to extend our operating time away from supplies.
  • Reduce weight
  • At least 95 amps of 24 Volt charging capacity. (Minimum recommended charge rate from out battery manufacturer)
  • Minimum capacity of 3kW
  • At least as quiet as the old unit.
  • Minimal modifications to existing infrastructure.
  • Good integration with our existing Victron monitoring equipment.

What We Got

Very different in look and function…

We settled on a generator quite a bit different than the original. We decided on a WhisperPower M-GV 2 variable speed DC generator. Here is a bit of the thinking involved:

  • Since we were using our generator almost exclusively as a battery charger, doesn’t it make sense to have a generator actually DESIGNED primarily to charge large battery banks?
  • The capacity of the unit was well matched to what we were looking for, 150Amps at 24 Volts, or about 3.5 kW.
  • The weight of 140 kgs was very attractive, as was the specified fuel usage. A reduction of about 100 kgs, this has put our boat on an even keel for the first time.
  • The drive engine for this unit is a 2 cylinder Kubota Z482 engine, a well known and very common system of proven reliability.
  • WhisperPower is a Dutch company spun off from Mastervolt a number of years ago when Mastervolt decided to get out of the generator business. They are not well known in the US, but are a significant presence in the European yacht and alternative energy market, especially as a high-end OEM supplier. [Update: As of 2025 WhisperPower has added Mac Boring in Somerset, NJ as their US distributer, and has significantly increased their dealer network across the USA.]
  • Connecting to our Victron system with a simple relay connection, our main electrical monitoring panel can start and stop the generator either manually, or automatically based on the state of the batteries.
  • The permanent magnet alternator technology is far simpler than the field coil system used in synchronous generators. No routine maintenance is required on any moving parts other than the Kubota engine.
  • Being fully water cooled means a full sound shield can be installed and the engine room is cooler, and quieter than before.
  • We are able to use the waste heat from the engine to heat our domestic hot water, giving us hot water while away from the dock for “free.” This used to be done from our main drive engine, but that was of limited utility since we didn’t really need much hot water underway, and never ran the drive engine at anchor.
With the covers popped off, maintenance access is excellent.
The “PowerCube” takes shore power of any voltage and frequency, or the output from the generator, and converts to the proper voltage to charge the main battery bank.

How We Will Use It

Based on our testing so far, if we start charging when the batteries are about 30% discharged (70% SOC) and run them up with the generator to 7% discharged (93% SOC) that will take almost exactly 90 minutes of run time to put 107 Amp-hrs (3 kW-hrs) of recoverable energy into the batteries. This would have the generator start off at full output for about 30 minutes, and then taper down to about 25% output over then next hour. This will keep the engine running at its most efficient for most of the cycle, with a chance to cool down a bit at the end before shutting down.

Based on our historical usage, this will happen every other day or so. On a good sunny day, the batteries will then be fully topped off with the solar panels by the end of the day.

How much of this we will automate, we have yet to determine. The Victron monitoring system lets us to automatically start and stop the generator based on state of charge of the batteries, DC power usage, AC power usage, Battery voltage, inverter temperature, inverter overload, … Pretty much anything except phase of the moon! Automation has its advantages, and potential problems. We’ll see how those play out in the real world.

For more…

If you want more of the gory technical details, see this link on our project pages…

Power to the People!

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The Best Sailboat Racing Team Outfits

Every serious sailboat racing team competes on two levels. One, of course, is who’s boat is faster. The other is who can look best out on the race course. This usually consists of color coordinated foul weather gear, and such.

A local all female racing team on the boat named More Cowbell has taken this to a new level:

And for those of you who might not get the reference for the name:

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Fall Settles In

The colors of autumn are beginning to tinge the trees here in eastern Maryland. For us, this can only mean one thing: Time to head south! That will happen in a few weeks, but in the meantime we are once again putting the final tie downs on our fall maintenance and upgrade projects.

We have been working hard on one major, and several minor, projects that are finally coming to completion. Our major project is the installation of a new generator into Harmonie‘s engine room. This major change to our boat’s electrical system has resulted in a long cascade of changes, modifications, and upgrades. From the outside, little has changed, but on the inside Harmonie has undergone a major refit and changed from a boat with a 1990 energy system, to one with a system as modern as any 2020 model year vessel.

Bill has spent 8 hours a day for weeks buried in the engine room (his version of a “man cave”) rerouting wires and plumbing, and making the structural changes needed to accommodate our new generating system. 25 years of modifications and repairs were all brought up to standard, routed in a logical fashion, labeled, and made neat and clean. A master breaker box was installed to collect all the main circuit breakers that had been scattered in various places around the boat.

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Until it Breaks?

We have had a number of discussions with boat owners recently about out maintenance practices, especially around our generator, and I have been surprised by what I heard.

The Issue

What we were discussing was one of the scheduled maintenance items for our Onan generator. Onan’s recommendation is to replace the shaft bearing every 5 years. Onan’s reasoning is while this is a sealed bearing that is “lubricated for life” the grease used gradually dries out and loses effectiveness. Catastrophic failure of this bearing would likely cause a lot of collateral damage and could destroy the generator. Because of this, the maintenance schedule for this task is based strictly on calendar time, and not operating hours.

There is no question that this is a major job. The entire guts of the electrical side of the generator need to be removed to access the bearing. An intimidating job for the mechanically naive, and a major one even for an experienced mechanic. Because of this, many, maybe most, people have chosen to just ignore this item on the maintenance list.

Our Approach

In our thinking, if we take care of our boat, she will take care of us. If you are a regular reader of this blog, you will know we are constantly working one or another major, or minor, project on our boat. The thing that is important to note, is that VERY few of our projects are in response to an item that failed unexpectedly. All (well, almost all!) of our big projects are either preventive, or in response to an incipient failure we are heading off at the pass.

The idea of ignoring a recommended maintenance item and hoping that it will not matter is anathema to us. We routinely take our boat to remote and isolated places. We need to have confidence that all of our critical systems will support our plans.

Take it Apart!

One of the really important parts of the care for our boat is the philosophy: Just take it apart. If you roam around the boat, and on a regular basis you just disassemble and reassemble something it has a number of useful results. Maybe most important, is you learn how to do it, and gain a better understanding of the key parts and how they work and wear. You will find problems before they stop you in your tracks. You can be sure that you have all the tools you need to repair critical systems. You can compare your spare parts inventory to what you see needs work.

Different Strokes

Now, to be sure, different boats have different needs. A boat that spends almost all its time in close reach of supplies and professional mechanics can have a less stringent maintenance program than one that spends time crossing oceans or in remote places. For us, and for the way we use our boat, the “plan” of “run it until it breaks” is just not an option.

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In With the New…

We have a LOT of work going on right now, mostly electrical. Harmonie was ahead of her time when she was built, but electrical systems change quickly, and there has been a lot of water under that bridge in the last 25 years. As far as new boats go, our AC electrical system is pretty simple, but meets our needs well.

One of the tasks we took on was to bring our 220V AC electrical panel up to current standard. The Amel original was a bit dated in style, and the purposes of the many of the switches had changed over the years, so the original carved-in labels didn’t work any more. While the laber-maker stick-on labels are functional, they really aren’t “yacht quality.” Also, those odd ball Dirupter brand made-in-France circuit breakers are the very devil to find in the USA, and are insanely expensive when you do. Like $150 EACH.

But… the real issue with this panel was not apparent on the surface, but once opened up you can see…

Back behind the scenes is a total spaghetti bowl of wires. Dozens, and dozens of wires jammed in a space too small. None of them are labeled, except for the labels I have put on. Working on this mess is frustrating–at best.

Even if you can trace a wire, at its end you frequently end up with something that looks like this:

A large number of wires twisted together and soldered, then jammed under a compression terminal. It WORKS, but if something goes wrong, or heaven forbid!, needs to be changed, you are hosed.

In other places, you find multiple wires jammed into one terminal, and soldered. While this is marginally better than stacking four or five terminals on one screw, it makes any repairs or modifications extremely frustrating, and is totally unnecessary with a little advance planning.

Out With All That Mess!

I pulled all the wires out of the box, and off to the side. Removed the box, and mounted a pair of bus bars, and a terminal block. Now, with a proper back plane, we can reinstall the wires the right way.

Here we are, most of the way along. All the ground wires to one bus. All the neutral wires to the other, and the hot wires to the terminal block. No screw has more than two terminals under it, and no terminal holds more than one wire. EVERY wire is labeled. And not a drop of solder to be found.

After two days of fabricating, cutting, labeling and crimping, we have everything ready to go.

A pretty dramatic change on the inside. Neat, organized, with all connections visible and accessible for troubleshooting or modification. The change on the outside is less dramatic, but still a major upgrade in form and function from where we were.

There we go! That should keep Harmonie going strong for the next 25 years!

There are a bunch of other projects going on that we’ll post about as we assemble the information.

Safety Note!

There is an important issue here, especially for other Amel owners. Our boat was built with single pole circuit breakers, and we kept that here with this new panel.

This is important when it comes time to get 220V power from a USA shore power connection. With single pole breakers it is NOT safe to connect to a 50 Amp 120/240 Volt plug with two hot wires. We get our 220V power though our isolation transformer, which feeds our system with a single hot wire and a neutral, just like standard European power.

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Catch and Release

At the time of our last post we were still in Lewes, Delaware. We have moved, and are now in Annapolis, Maryland back at our favorite boatyard in the Chesapeake: Bert Jabin’s Yacht Yard.

Getting here started out with a real adventure, and NOT one of the good kinds. Lewes has been a harbor since the late 1600’s. For part of that time is was a fairly important port. There are 400 years of debris on the bottom. On our third visit, we found some of it.

As we pulled up our chain, it seemed the windlass was working a bit harder than usual, but not anything exceptional, until we got to this:

That steel cable is about an inch and a half across, and is as stiff as a steel bar. We can’t bend it, or move it much at all. It took us about an hour and a half to figure out how it was wrapped around our chain, and maneuver the two so we could drop the cable off.

But we were not done yet! As the anchor came up…

…our “friend” shows up again. We never saw the whole thing, or what, if anything, it was attached to. Careful study of the photo would show that what we have is really just a loop of cable over the anchor, but try as we might, we can’t get it off. We eventually tied a line to the anchor, and disconnected the chain. We lifted, we bounced, we dragged, we puzzled.

After another 2 hours, we FINALLY managed to pry the loop of cable off the anchor and send it back to the bottom. All through this time we are very slowly drifting along with the tide out to sea. Lucky for us there are no shallows or other obstructions in our way.

Clearing this mess was hard, physical labor that lasted nearly 4 hours. We were both exhausted and sore for days…

Also, in the spirit of “Catch and Release”, we didn’t catch any fish offshore, but while making our way up the Chesapeake we pulled some trolling lines and ended up landing a big redfish.

Not just big, but TOO big! the local regulations require you return to the water any fish over 26 inches, so back he went!

And More Boat Work…

Always more boat projects… we have just started on a bunch and will be working hord for the next couple of weeks to get them all done before it’s time to head south for the winter. More details on those will be following!

If you are in the area, feel free to stop by, we would welcome an excuse to take a break!

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A Whale of a Time

We promised more fun stuff from our trip out to the Baltimore Canyon, and here it is!

While pilot whales might not be the biggest, or most glamorous members of the ocean going mammal family, they are still cool! We got to see them on the surface–and 500 feet down on our sonar.

Enjoy the movie!

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Out to the Canyon

This past week we made our first real run out to fish “The Canyons” as we sailed from Lewes, Delaware out to Baltimore Canyon. I’ll bet people who live in Baltimore are more surprised than most to hear that Baltimore actually has a canyon.

As a young fisherman growing up on the mid-Atlantic coast “The Canyons” were a mystical place. They are many miles offshore and we never had a boat that could go that far, so reading about them and hearing stories was all I could do. When you actually got out to this magical place apparently fish practically jumped in the boat. Big fish. All the time. Well, reality is a bit different, but not much.

On the northeast coast of North America the ocean bottom slopes slowly and gradually from the beach out 50 to 100 miles to the edge of the continental shelf where it’s about 300 feet deep. Here things change quickly, dropping to 6000 feet very quickly. If the water was removed, it would be quite a dramatic sight. A cliff, a mile high, stretching for thousands of miles, broken only by “The Canyons.”

A Google Earth image of the Canyons on the continental shelf from New York down to Virginia

The Canyons are deep notches carved in the cliff face that is the edge of continental shelf. Some seem to be associated with modern day rivers, others are not. Each of them is a dramatic geological feature. These huge underwater structures have dramatic effects on currents and nutrient flows. Like any kind of underwater structure they attract life on a huge scale.

We took a photo of our sonar screen after we crossed the upper end of the Baltimore Canyon:

The depth drops from 350 feet to more than 1000 feet and back up again in less than a mile.

Every weekend a fleet of large “sportfish” boats head out to troll these oases of life for the glamorous sport fish: Yellowfin Tuna, Marlin, Sailfish, Wahoo, Dolphinfish. Huge engines, and thousands of dollars of fuel get them out and back in a few hours. We sailed out the 75 miles in about 14 hours. We had perfect timing, we were able to sail out, and then the wind died as we arrived, perfect for the kind of fishing we wanted to do.

We trolled for a bit as we moved around, picking up a single mahi-mahi, but we were here on a different search. Not for the glamorous, but for the gourmet. We were out here to hunt for the Golden Tilefish. This was a fish I have never hunted for before. Catching one was one of this year’s fishing goals.

If you have never tasted tilefish, all I can say is, “I am sorry!” Sometime very shortly after her first bite, Karen decided that this was her favorite fish EVER, and they deserved whatever room in the freezer they needed. Imagine the taste of the best lobster you ever had, but with a lighter more delicate texture and you will have it about right.

They are also a great environmental success story. The fishery was “discovered” in the 1980s, and quickly expanded to catching 9 million pounds a year. This was a very slow growing species, and that catch rate just wasn’t sustainable. Currently, the catch rate is running about 1.5 million pounds a year, and it is on everybody’s list as a long term sustainable fishery.

Our research, and prep work paid off. We pulled our first Golden Tilefish up from 500 feet down within a few hours of starting.

Not a very big Golden Tile, but my first. Not only tasty, but pretty.

Since these guys live in large groups in burrows in the bottom mud, once you find one, you mark the spot, and you keep coming back. We added 3 more in short order.

We also caught a couple Blue Line Tilefish, a smaller but closely related species, and to our taste just as good eating.

For a Blue Line Tile, this is actually quit large, over 6 pounds

If you are interested in the details of how we found and caught these fish, I’ll be making a detailed post on our fishing blog within the next few days, and will link to it here.

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So Much To Say!

We took a trip out to the edge of the continental shelf over the past few days, and had any number of fun and exciting experiences. We’ll be writing about some of these over the next few days to keep from getting too long winded in any single post. Besides, there is a lot to assemble to get things well put together.

But just as tempting taste of what’s to come… Tilefish and Dolphins and Whales, Oh My!

Mystery Solved!

At the end of our last post a few days ago, I requested help on identifying a noise we regularly hear in the boat. A noise we assumed came from a fish, but couldn’t be 100% sure. We would typically hear it shortly after dark. The following sample was recorded with an underwater microphone, and is clearer than what we hear inside the boat. What we hear is almost as loud as a quiet conversation.

The Mystery Noise

Without hearing a sample of the sound, only reading my description, my friend Gary, (aka the “Fish Nerd”) suggested a member of the grunt family. A good guess, certainly many of the grunts make a similar noise, but in this case not right. Dennis from the sailboat Ferrity had the right answer: A striped cusk eel.

Now, there are about 250 species of cusk eels, and they range from the very deepest parts of the ocean to the shallows. I had never had much reason to pay attention to them, but strangely enough, two days after being introduced to them as the source of our mystery noise, I managed to hook one on the bottom almost 500 feet deep in the Baltimore Canyon!

No, they aren’t very big, or pretty. Also strangely soft. It was like holding a small bag of mashed potatoes. While this is (almost) surely a different species of cusk eel and not the striped cusk eel we hear inshore, it is still a strange coincidence!

If you really need to know more, you can go to this website by someone with a superhuman interest in fish sounds:

http://www.fishecology.org/soniferous/ophidion.htm

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